在centos7/8系统中安装任意版本python

基于centos7/8安装任意版本python

编译安装python

安装python依赖环境

sudo yum -y install epel-release
sudo yum -y update

重启(可选)

reboot

安装编译环境

sudo yum -y groupinstall "Development Tools"
sudo yum -y install openssl-devel bzip2-devel libffi-devel xz-devel

确认gcc可用

$ gcc --version
gcc (GCC) 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44)
Copyright (C) 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

选择编译包

官网编译包

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.9.12/Python-3.9.12.tgz

解压并进入

tar -zxvf Python-3.9.12.tgz 
cd Python-3.9.12/

配置脚本

./configure --enable-optimizations

开始编译

sudo make altinstall

如果成功将会显示以下内容

copying build/scripts-3.9/pydoc3.9 -> /usr/local/bin
copying build/scripts-3.9/idle3.9 -> /usr/local/bin
copying build/scripts-3.9/2to3-3.9 -> /usr/local/bin
changing mode of /usr/local/bin/pydoc3.9 to 755
changing mode of /usr/local/bin/idle3.9 to 755
changing mode of /usr/local/bin/2to3-3.9 to 755
rm /usr/local/lib/python3.9/lib-dynload/_sysconfigdata__linux_x86_64-linux-gnu.py
rm -r /usr/local/lib/python3.9/lib-dynload/__pycache__
/usr/bin/install -c -m 644 ./Misc/python.man \
    /usr/local/share/man/man1/python3.9.1
if test "xupgrade" != "xno"  ; then \
    case upgrade in \
        upgrade) ensurepip="--altinstall --upgrade" ;; \
        install|*) ensurepip="--altinstall" ;; \
    esac; \
     ./python -E -m ensurepip \
        $ensurepip --root=/ ; \
fi
Looking in links: /tmp/tmp3k1lhlmm
Processing /tmp/tmp3k1lhlmm/setuptools-58.1.0-py3-none-any.whl
Processing /tmp/tmp3k1lhlmm/pip-22.0.4-py3-none-any.whl
Installing collected packages: setuptools, pip
Successfully installed pip-22.0.4 setuptools-58.1.0

确认是否安装成功

[root@43f873a76b81 Python-3.9.12]# python3.9 --version 
Python 3.9.12

pip是否也安装了

[root@43f873a76b81 Python-3.9.12]# pip3.9 --version 
pip 22.0.4 from /usr/local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/pip (python 3.9)