linux开机启动服务搭建

一、准备工作

1.脚本路径及内容

路径：

/root/workdir/mydate/python3_date.py

内容：

import datetime
import time
import sys
while True:
    print(datetime.datetime.now()) #打印当前时间
    sys.stdout.flush() # 强制刷新并输出
    time.sleep(3) # 日志每三秒输出一次

二、创建开机启动服务

服务名称：

python3_date.service

服务路径：

/usr/lib/systemd/system/python3_date.service

服务内容：

[Unit]
Description=python3_date_py
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=simple
ExecStart=/usr/bin/python3 /root/workdir/mydate/python3_date.py
StandardOutput=append:/root/workdir/mydate/out.log
StandardError=append:/root/workdir/mydate/out.log
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=muti-user.target

其中：·StandardOutput·和·StandardError·这两个字段定义了日志输出路径，如果不需要自定义日志可以忽略掉。

三、应用服务并加入开机自启

1.应用服务：

systemctl daemon-reload

2.开机自启

systemctl enable --now python3_date.service

四、查看日志

1.使用journalctl查看日志

root@VM-28-17-ubuntu:~/workdir/mydate# journalctl -u python3_date -n 10
-- Logs begin at Sat 2024-05-25 20:56:01 CST, end at Mon 2024-09-02 15:55:25 CST. --
Sep 02 14:53:44 VM-28-17-ubuntu python3[4154914]: 2024-09-02 14:53:44.001077
Sep 02 14:53:47 VM-28-17-ubuntu python3[4154914]: 2024-09-02 14:53:47.003492
Sep 02 14:53:50 VM-28-17-ubuntu python3[4154914]: 2024-09-02 14:53:50.004846
Sep 02 14:53:53 VM-28-17-ubuntu python3[4154914]: 2024-09-02 14:53:53.007488
Sep 02 14:53:56 VM-28-17-ubuntu python3[4154914]: 2024-09-02 14:53:56.010598
Sep 02 14:53:59 VM-28-17-ubuntu python3[4154914]: 2024-09-02 14:53:59.013693
Sep 02 14:53:59 VM-28-17-ubuntu systemd[1]: Stopping python3_date_py...
Sep 02 14:53:59 VM-28-17-ubuntu systemd[1]: python3_date.service: Succeeded.
Sep 02 14:53:59 VM-28-17-ubuntu systemd[1]: Stopped python3_date_py.
Sep 02 14:53:59 VM-28-17-ubuntu systemd[1]: Started python3_date_py.

2.直接查看日志文件

root@VM-28-17-ubuntu:~/workdir/mydate# tail -f out.log 
2024-09-02 15:55:22.816322
2024-09-02 15:55:25.819419
2024-09-02 15:55:28.821209
2024-09-02 15:55:31.821980
2024-09-02 15:55:34.823507
2024-09-02 15:55:37.824413
2024-09-02 15:55:40.827503
2024-09-02 15:55:43.830591
2024-09-02 15:55:46.833136
2024-09-02 15:55:49.835213

五、服务关闭

服务停止很简单，首先关闭服务。

root@VM-28-17-ubuntu:~/workdir/mydate# systemctl disable --now python3_date 
Removed /etc/systemd/system/muti-user.target.wants/python3_date.service.
root@VM-28-17-ubuntu:~/workdir/mydate# systemctl status python3_date 
● python3_date.service - python3_date_py
     Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/python3_date.service; disabled; vendor preset: enabled)
     Active: inactive (dead)

Sep 02 14:53:53 VM-28-17-ubuntu python3[4154914]: 2024-09-02 14:53:53.007488
Sep 02 14:53:56 VM-28-17-ubuntu python3[4154914]: 2024-09-02 14:53:56.010598
Sep 02 14:53:59 VM-28-17-ubuntu python3[4154914]: 2024-09-02 14:53:59.013693
Sep 02 14:53:59 VM-28-17-ubuntu systemd[1]: Stopping python3_date_py...
Sep 02 14:53:59 VM-28-17-ubuntu systemd[1]: python3_date.service: Succeeded.
Sep 02 14:53:59 VM-28-17-ubuntu systemd[1]: Stopped python3_date_py.
Sep 02 14:53:59 VM-28-17-ubuntu systemd[1]: Started python3_date_py.
Sep 02 16:01:13 VM-28-17-ubuntu systemd[1]: Stopping python3_date_py...
Sep 02 16:01:13 VM-28-17-ubuntu systemd[1]: python3_date.service: Succeeded.
Sep 02 16:01:13 VM-28-17-ubuntu systemd[1]: Stopped python3_date_py.

然后删除创建的服务

root@VM-28-17-ubuntu:~/workdir/mydate# rm /usr/lib/systemd/system/python3_date.service